Economic Development Strategy for Island Falls' Downtown Waterfront Town of Island Falls, Maine • PIA Industries

A comprehensive economic development strategy to transform underperforming downtown waterfront properties into engines of community prosperity

Economic Development Reality

Economic development is a priority for many municipalities, however the development and implementation of a successful strategy leaves many communities with less-than-optimal results.

A common experience is one where a community recognizes the need for economic development (i.e. a shift in the economic environment has reduced the quantity and/or quality of contribution sources) at the same time when community leaders are under pressure to suppress municipal spending (minimize the shared financial burden related to the redistribution of the budgetary demands on the fewer remaining contribution sources).

A decrease in the quantity and/or quality of contribution sources place an increased burden on the remaining contribution sources. Leaders representing the community face an immediate pressure to minimize tax increases at the very same moment when public investment is most needed to minimize the longer-term impact of fewer contributors.

Key Insight: This dynamic requires a clear understanding of the conditions that led to a reduction in contribution sources, as well as a plan for adapting to the new opportunities that are offered by the changing economic environment.

Why Care?

Economic growth positively impacts the community as a whole!

Home Value Growth

The largest contributor to the wealth creation for most American families stems from equity gained in their home values over time.

Attract Contributors

A growing economy attracts contributing members interested in allocating their energy in efforts to growing their own resources.

Prevent Brain Drain

Poor economic conditions create brain drain, as motivated youth move to locations that offer potential to produce at their expected levels of success.

Economic growth is essential for the overall benefit of all community members, and investment is a required input for producing the desired outcomes.

Financial Parameters & Human Motivations

Individuals & Businesses

Individuals and businesses are able to produce projects based on the resources available to them. Available resources reflect ownership of assets (cash, home equity, investment portfolio), which can be sold or liquidated for investment in projects, or used to secure the availability of credit.

Credit as Opportunity: Home and business owners without sufficient capital use credit to make up the gap between funds needed and funds available. Credit is provided based on project value estimation and income expectations.

Municipalities

Municipalities produce projects (road paving, building a fire station, school system, or upgrading public water systems) based on commitments approved by town residents and funded by tax commitments.

Enhanced Stability: Financial resources, including credit, offer improved terms as expected risk is reduced by tax commitment capabilities.
1

Economic Profit or Return on Investment

Given the development, production or investment in a project (an input), expectations of economic profit exist (an output). Opportunities to invest today are aimed at creating future financial resources. This attracts both human (labor) and financial capital (money).

2

Life Experience as Return (LEAR)

The development, production or investment in a project (an input) prioritizes the experience of the outcome (an output) over all expected inputs. A higher value is placed on the accomplishment of the outcome versus the expected cost required to produce the ending result.

3

Philanthropic Motivation

The development, production, or investment in a project (an input), places a higher value on the end result or outcome (an output) over economic profit. Philanthropic individuals or entities are often mission-focused and follow guidelines that promote the benefit of others beyond themselves.

The Starch Factory Property

10
Acres Waterfront
$10K
Current Annual Tax
$2M
Estimated Investment
$4M+
Municipal Surplus

Once a thriving community driven by motivated entrepreneurs, Island Falls was—at its prime—a successful town. Sitting at the intersection of beauty and valuable natural resources, the founders harnessed the town's enormous potential. With its landscape in prime location on the Mattawamkeag River, its lakes, forests, and the railway, they built up businesses, families, and a community all supported by the rich offerings of the land.

The starch factory once greatly contributed to the town's success. It still sits on Grade A waterfront today, but what was once in its prime is now in a state of disarray. Because this property is so visible at the entry to town, it negatively impacts the image of Island Falls as a whole, creating an enormous deterrent for development of surrounding properties.

Why Has This Property Remained Underperforming?

As industries and economies have evolved, Island Falls has struggled to adapt. The downtown is now saddled with properties that were once well-suited for business in the past, but no longer serve the needs and interests of the community today. The cost to redevelop is greater than the project's ending value, creating a gap that private investment alone cannot close.

Critical Barrier: At this point, even the most motivated entrepreneurs would be unable and unwilling to carry the weight of negative equity required to redevelop these properties. Ten acres of riverfront property—which should be near the top of contribution rankings—currently pays only $10K in yearly taxes. It could and should be paying considerably more.

Economic Development Perspective

Anchor Property
A Parcel of Land with Parcel Attributes that have an outsized impact on the Parcel Market Values of nearby properties or an entire neighborhood or town.
Negative Externalities
Costs that are borne by a third party as a result of an economic transaction. A vacant or dilapidated property, with such visibility, suppresses economic activity and reduces demand for nearby properties.

The starch factory property sits on prime waterfront on the Mattawamkeag River. Its location and visibility make it an Anchor Property, which greatly impacts the resources available to the town and its residents. In its current state, the property contributes negatively to the town's economic activity, producing negative externalities that suppress economic development throughout the downtown.

What is the Solution?

Option 1: Leave As-Is

$0 Upfront

Continue with the status quo—the property remains in disarray, contributing only $10K annually while occupying 10 acres of prime waterfront.

Impact: Continued suppression of economic activity. Nearby property values remain depressed, brain drain accelerates, and the town's image continues to deter investment and new residents.

Option 2: Redevelop

~$2M Investment

Transform the waterfront into a vibrant economic engine through strategic cleanup and redevelopment aligned with community needs and state priorities.

Impact: Harnesses the town's natural beauty, creates jobs, attracts tourism dollars, increases property values town-wide, and generates sustainable tax revenue for 30+ years.

Analysis Through Human Motivations

Economic Profit / ROI

The gap between cost to develop and ending value eliminates this as a possibility for private investment alone.

Life Experience as Return

The gap is too great to reasonably expect an individual or entity to accept such a loss for the experience.

Philanthropic Motivation

Given the demographics and the lengthy period of vacancy, the capacity for philanthropic investment at this scale is not realistic.

The Answer: Strategic Municipal Investment

It is reasonable to expect that any path forward will require a strategic investment by the town to close the gap between the cost to develop and the project's ending value—an investment that will pay for itself many times over through increased tax revenue, property values, and community prosperity.

Why Redevelop?

Harness Natural Beauty

It's widely accepted among the community that our most valuable natural resource is our beauty. When you add that to our highly accessible location, there's no reason why we can't move our town's status towards the top of the state's economic success list.

Waterfront Lodging Development

By using the waterfront area for lodging (mentioned in the comprehensive plan as a need), we can attract outside dollars, provide more jobs, and improve the health of the town as a whole while fixing the negative equity problem.

Cascading Property Value Growth

Resolving a vacant anchor property increases demand for nearby properties, as the town's identity becomes aligned with an image of success and potential. A vibrant waterfront attracts prospective residents and community members.

State Grant Opportunities

This revitalization is a strong competitor for grant funding as it involves cleaning up waterfront and allows for tourist use—a fundamental objective for the State of Maine (Vacationland). Aligning project goals with state priorities (lodging and food services) makes this highly competitive for grants.

TIF & Municipal Surplus

Tax Increment Financing and the town's $4M+ surplus can be strategically deployed to compound returns while maintaining fiscal responsibility. The competitive nature of this design could garner matching amounts in grant funds.

Premier Tax Contributor

In a comparative analysis of its ability to contribute to the tax commitment, this parcel would be very near the top of the list. Where does it sit in the stack ranking today? Very near the bottom. Bringing this parcel to full potential changes that.

The 7-Step Strategy

A systematic approach to economic development

1

Shared Understanding

Step one requires a shared understanding among town leaders that there is opportunity to improve town revenue sources.

Municipal leaders must understand the relationship between current tax revenues from parcels in poor condition versus expectations if parcels were brought to Optimal Parcel Performance.
2

Process Implementation

Step two requires the implementation of a process for identifying underperforming Parcels of Land.

PIA Industries offers tools built to help municipalities identify underperforming Parcels of Land. Anchor Properties or Critical Lots are identified and analyzed to determine their impacts on other nearby parcels.
3

Market Analysis

Step three requires the development of a market analysis specific to the municipality to fully understand the root cause of underperformance.

Examination of the town's past combined with analysis of the current economic environment identifies challenges and provides clarity around reasonable alternatives, allowing municipal leaders to weigh expected benefits vs costs.
4

Leadership Alignment

Step four requires the complete alignment of all municipal leaders on the best path forward.

The alignment of municipal leadership, in their understanding of the goal, challenges, and a path forward creates momentum and directs energy towards producing the outcome.
5

Community Education

Step five requires the dissemination of information and details regarding the current state of economic conditions as it relates to the municipality's main revenue source, its Parcels.

Prioritization of educating the community on the process that was taken to arrive at the suggested outcome is critical. If the analysis is thorough and the benefits are clearly understood and widespread, the solution will be widely supported.
6

Public Commitment

Step six requires an official commitment by the town, and showcased by a public vote, to move forward with the economic development strategy.

A public vote clarifies the town's understanding of the economic development plan and its long-term impact. It also acts as a communication beyond the community, signaling a commitment to invest in the future wellbeing of the town.
7

See It Through

Step seven: Execute with commitment and persistence.

Sustained effort and dedication to the plan ensures successful implementation and maximizes the economic development benefits for the entire community.

What We Want to Do

Go through the details and have everybody agree that this is the reality. A shared understanding of the challenges and opportunities creates the foundation for transformative change.